Responsible tourism: what do you need to know?
21.07.2023 - 08:44
/ roughguides.com
/ Helen Abramson
Tourism is on the increase the world over, with rising visitor numbers having a significant impact on resources, pollution and local communities.
It’s never been more important to think about the way in which we travel. Here, Helen Abramson looks at the principles of sustainable and responsible tourism, and how we can minimise the negative effects on places we visit.
In recent years over 1 billion tourists travelled to foreign destinations – a figure that is growing all the time. On top of that, somewhere in the region of 4 billion domestic tourists pack their bags each year.
The planet is straining under the weight of these figures. We need to think about how to ensure the mark we leave is a positive one.
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The UN declared 2017 as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development, marking a collective commitment to changing policies, business practices and consumer behaviour.
This landmark achievement celebrated the principles of sustainable tourism: causing as little impact as possible on a destination’s social and natural environment, and fulfilling local economic needs while maintaining cultural integrity.
“Economic prosperity, social inclusion, peace and understanding, cultural and environmental preservation” should shape the future of the industry, according to UNWTO Secretary-General, Taleb Rifai.
The term responsible tourism, by contrast, is generally used on an individual level. This means making choices that support the longevity of tourism in a particular location, respecting the environment and trying to improve the quality of life for the local population.
This could translate as making an effort to understand local culture, helping to preserve natural surroundings or travelling with organisations that allow communities to have a say in, and benefit from, your visit.
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Most environmental damage caused by tourism is produced by air travel. Vast amounts of greenhouse gasses are pumped into the atmosphere by more than 100,000 flights a day all around the globe. The UNEP estimate that aviation is responsible for 2 to 2.5% of global CO2 emissions, and expect that to grow by up to 15% by 2050.
On a more local level, other environmental factors kick in. As tourism increases, roads, airports and facilities are constructed to accommodate visitors. Often this development happens quickly, and without consideration of the drain on resources, threats to natural habitats, and pollution of both water and land.
Further to this, communities often see visitor spending funnelled into the hands of big business, which can threaten local economies.
We need to identify ways of channelling tourist income towards locals, including through the informal economy, in which people can earn a living through